TEORIA DA CULTURA NA PERSPECTIVA CRIADA PELO ENSAIO “O FUTURO DE UMA ILUSÃO” DE FREUD - Costa Lima, Paulo (Caderno CRH, 2014)
Neste artigo buscamos reconstruir os indícios de uma certa teoria da cultura presentes no discurso de Freud a partir das perspectivas criadas pelo ensaio O futuro de uma Ilusão. Registramos um curioso paralelo entre o discurso de Freud e o de John Lennon. Acompanhamos, assim, as marcas da “empreitada científica” por ele empreendida e as relações múltiplas que vão sendo estabelecidas com a cultura, especialmente a partir da análise das ideias religiosas e de sua possível origem no desamparo infantil, no desamparo humano. Discutimos ainda a natureza desse campo que toma a cultura como ensejo para análises e interpretações, a noção de “libideme” como equivalente gozosa da episteme epocal proposta por Foucault, e o horizonte de transição de uma cultura orientada pelo recalque para uma cultura orientada pela perversão – tudo isso incidindo diretamente sobre a vida e sobre a arte e produzindo questões urgentes e aparentemente não resolvíveis. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cultura e psicanálise. Hermenêutica cultural. Composição e cultura. Música e psicanálise. Religião e cultura. THEORY OF CULTURE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE ESSAY “THE FUTURE OF AN ILLUSION” BY FREUD Paulo Costa Lima In this article we seek to make visible the traces of a certain theory of culture present in the discourse of Freud, from the perspective created by the essay The Future of an Illusion. We register a curious parallel between Freud’s discourse and that of John Lennon, some decades later. We also present Freud’s ideas as parts of a “scientific project” and seek to make visible the multiple relationships established with culture, specially through the analysis of religious ideas, and the context which originated them, infantile helplessness, or human helplessness in general. We will further discuss the nature of this field that takes culture as an opportunity for analysis and interpretation (Cultural Hermeneutics), the notion of ‘libideme’ as the libidinal counterpart of the ephocal episteme proposed by Foucault, and the horizon of transition from a culture oriented by repression to a culture oriented by perversion - all of this coinciding directly over life and art, producing apparently irresolvable questions. Key Words: Culture and psychoanalysis. Cultural hermeneutics. Composition and culture. Music and psychoanalysis. Religion and culture. THÉORIE DE LA CULTURE DANS LA PERSPECTIVE CRÉÉE PAR L’OUVRAGE “L’AVENIR D’UNE ILLUSION” DE FREUD Paulo Costa Lima Cet article essaie de reconstruire les indices d’une certaine théorie de la culture présents dans le discours de Freud à partir des perspectives créées par l’ouvrage L’avenir d’une illusion. Nous avons pu établir un curieux parallèle entre le discours de Freud et celui de John Lennon. Nous avons ainsi pu suivre les traces de “la tâche scientifique” qu’il avait entreprise et les multiples relations qui s’établissent avec la culture, en particulier à partir de l’analyse des idées religieuses et de leur origine possible dans le désarroi enfantin, dans le désarroi humain. Nous analysons encore la nature de ce champ qui considère la culture comme l’occasion de faire des analyses et des interprétations, la notion de “libideme” comme l’équivalent plaisant de l’épistémè d’époque proposé par Foucault, et l’horizon de la transition d’une culture orientée par la répression d’une culture axée sur la perversion – tout cela ayant une incidence directe sur la vie et sur l’art et posant des questions urgentes et apparemment impossibles à surmonter. MOTS-CLÉS: Culture et psychanalyse. Herméneutique culturelle. Composition et culture. Musique et psychanalyse. Religion et culture. <small style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;">Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br <small style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;">Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none;">