CRISE ECOLOGICA, CRISE CAPITALISTA, CRISE DE CIVILIZAÇÃO: a alternativa ecossocialista - Löwy, Michael (Caderno CRH, 2013)
Neste artigo defende-se a tese que a crise do capitalismo e a crise ecológica resultam da dinâmica do sistema capitalista que transforma seres humanos e recursos naturais em mercadorias necessárias à expansão dos negócios e a acumulação de lucros. Na sua feição atual a crise reflete as dificuldades da civilização capitalista industrial e do seu modo de vida caracterizado pelo american way of life, em manter-se sem rupturas. A questão ecológica, do meio ambiente, é central no capitalismo. As tentativas de soluções, a exemplo da Tratado de Kioto e as medidas pactuadas em Copenhagen em 2008, estão muito aquém das providências necessárias à resolução do problema . O ecosocialismo, em sua utopia, mas sem ser uma abstração, apresenta-se como um paradigma de civilização alternativo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Crise ecológica. Crise do capitalista. Meio ambiente. Modo de vida. Ecosocialimo. ECOLOGICAL CRISIS, CAPITALIST CRISIS, CRISIS OF CIVILIZATION: the ecosocialist alternative Michael Löwy This article defends the thesis that the capitalist crisis and the ecological crisis are both the result of the dynamics of the capitalist system which transforms human beings and natural resources into goods which are necessary for the expansion of business and the accumulation of profits. The current crisis reflects the difficulties of industrial capitalist civilization and its lifestyle, known as the American way of life, to keep from falling apart. The ecological issue, the environment, is central to capitalism. Attempted solutions, such as the Kyoto Protocol and the environmental agreements made in Copenhagen in 2008, fall far short of the steps needed to solve the problem. Eco-socialism, with its utopian nature, unless it becomes an abstraction, offers itself as a paradigm of alternative civilization. KEY WORDS: Ecological crisis. Capitalist crisis. Environment. Way of life. eco-socialism. CRISE ÉCOLOGIQUE, CRISE CAPITALISTE,CRISE DE CIVILISATION: L’ALTERNATIVE ÉCO-SOCIALISTE Michael Löwy Nous soutenons, dans cet article, la thèse selon laquelle la crise du capitalisme et la crise écologique sont fruits des dynamiques du système capitaliste qui transforment les êtres humains et les ressources naturelles en marchandises dont on a besoin pour l’expansion du commerce et l’accumulation des bénéfices. Actuellement la crise reflète les difficultés de la civilisation capitaliste industrielle et de son mode de vie caractérisé par le modèle américain “american way of life” qui se maintient sans interruption. La question écologique, de l’environnement, est fondamentale pour le capitalisme. Les tentatives de solutions, tels que par exemple le traité de Kyoto et les accords de Copenhague en 2008, sont bien au-deçà des mesures exigées pour résoudre le problème. L’éco-socialisme, dans son utopie, tout en n’étant pas quelque chose d’abstrait, représente un paradigme pour une civilisation alternative. MOTS-CLÉS: Crise écologique. Crise du capitalisme. Environnement. Mode de vie. Éco-socialisme. <small style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;">Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-weight: bold;"> <small style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;">Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br