Back to the “Closet”: A Critical Essay on the Paradigmatic Framing of Gender Research in Organizational Studies

Authors

Keywords:

Gender, Organizational Studies, Research Paradigms, Critique

Abstract

This study set out to discuss gender in organizational studies, particularly from a paradigmatic perspective. We offered reflections on how the field has positioned itself in relation to the paradigms presented in the social sciences, especially as outlined by Burrell and Morgan. To that end, the theoretical essay was guided by the following central question: Is it possible to speak of a paradigmatic pluralism, or are we facing a new kind of “closet”? Based on this, we reflected on the extent to which “affiliation” to a single paradigm may hinder the advancement of gender research, and on what other factors have become relevant for analyzing this field. We therefore conclude that adopting a more critical stance in organizational studies — and particularly in those that address gender — is an urgent matter, as it can contribute to the development of the field. Moreover, we observed that although there appear to be advances in how this topic is approached, many challenges still need to be overcome, especially within the academic sphere, where we are “daily” pushed to fit into a research typology or paradigm, which constrains the critical positioning that this and other subjects demand.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Amboni, N., Caminha, D. O., de Andrade, R. O. B., & Fernandes, M. (2017). Abordagem

multiparadigmática em estudos organizacionais: avanços e limitações. Revista de Administração da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 10(Esp. 5), 808-827.

Bleijenbergh, I., Booysen, L., & Mills, A. J. (2018). The challenges and outcomes of critical

diversity scholarship. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An

International Journal, 13(3), 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrom-09-2018-597

Broadbridge, A., & Hearn, J. (2008). Gender and management: New directions in research and

continuing patterns in practice. British Journal of Management, 19(s1), 38-49. 10.1111/j.1467-8551.2008.00570.x

Burrell, G., & Morgan, G. (2017). Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis:

Elements of the sociology of corporate life. Routledge.

Calás, M. B., & Smircich, L. (1999). Past postmodernism? Reflections and tentative directions. Academy of Management Review, 24(4), 649–671.

Caldas, M. P. (2005). Paradigmas em estudos organizacionais: uma introdução à série. RAE-

Revista de Administração de Empresas, 45(1), 53-57. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-75902005000100008

Chia, R. (1996) .Organizational analysis as deconstructive practice. New Yorki: Walter de

Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110884494

Creswell, J. W. (2010). Projeto de pesquisa: métodos qualitativo, quantitativo e misto (3.ed.).

Porto Alegre: Artmed.

Davis, K., Lorber, J., & Evans, M. S. (2006). Handbook of gender and women's

studies. Handbook of Gender and Women's Studies, 1-512.

Deetz, S. (1996). Crossroads—Describing differences in approaches to organization science:

Rethinking Burrell and Morgan and their legacy. Organization science, 7(2), 191-207. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.2.191

Dodge, J., Eikenberry, A. M., & Coule, T. M. (2022). Illustrating the value of critical

methodologies through third-sector gender studies: A case for pluralism. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 33(6), 1140-1147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-021-00425-8

Engeli, I. (2020). Gender and sexuality research in the age of populism: Lessons for political

science. European Political Science, 19, 226-235. 10.1057/s41304-019-00223-3

Feyerabend, P. (1975). Against Method. London: New Left Books.

Fotaki, M. (2013). No woman is like a man (in academia): The masculine symbolic order and the unwanted female body. Human Relations, 66(11), 1561–1585.

Fotaki, M. and Pullen, A. (2023). Feminist theories and activist practices in organization studies. Organization Studies, 45(4), 593-616. https://doi.org/10.1177/01708406231209861

Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Paradigmas concorrentes na pesquisa qualitativa. Manual

de pesquisa qualitativa, 2(163-194).

Guba, E. G.; Lincoln, Y. S.(2005). Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions, and emerging

confluences. In: DENZIN, N. K.; LINCOLN, Y. S. (Ed.). Handbook of qualitative research. 3. ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Haynes, K. (2017). Accounting as gendering and gendered: a review of 25 years of critical

accounting research on gender. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 43, 110-124.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2016.06.004

Haynes, K. (2008). Moving the gender agenda or stirring chicken's entrails? Where next for

feminist methodologies in accounting?. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 21(4), 539-555. 10.1108/09513570810872914

Hardies, K., & Khalifa, R. (2018). Gender is not “a dummy variable”: A discussion of current

gender research in accounting. Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management, 15(3),

–407. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRAM-08-2017-0083

Hearn, J., & Parkin, P. W. (1983). Gender and organizations: a selective review and a critique

of a neglected area. Organization Studies, 4(3), 219-242. https://doi.org/10.1177/017084068300400302

Hearn, J., & Parkin, W. (2003). The gendered organisation: a positive critique. Comportamento

Organizacional e Gestão, 9, 125-146.

Hearn, J. e Hein, W. (2015). Reformulando a construção do conhecimento feminista e de

gênero na pesquisa de marketing e consumo: feminismos ausentes e o caso dos homens e das masculinidades. Jornal de Gestão de Marketing.

Kornberger, M., Carter, C., & Ross‐Smith, A. (2010). Changing gender domination in a big

four accounting firm: flexibility, performance and client service in practice. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 35(8), 775-791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2010.09.005

Kuhn, T. S. (2001). A estrutura das revoluções científicas. São Paulo: Perspectiva.

Lewis, M. W., & Grimes, A. J. (1999). Metatriangulation: Building theory from multiple paradigms. Academy of Management Review, 24(4), 672–690.

Lewis, M. W., & Kelemen, M. L. (2002). Multiparadigm inquiry: Exploring organizational

pluralism and paradox. Human relations, 55(2), 251-275. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726702055002185

Metcalfe, B. D. and Woodhams, C. (2012). Introduction: new directions in gender, diversity

and organization theorizing – re‐imagining feminist post‐colonialism, transnationalism and geographies of power. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(2), 123-140. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2012.00336.x

Mandalaki, E., & Pérezts, M. (2023). Abjection overruled! Time to dismantle sexist

cyberbullying in academia. Organization, 30(1), 168–187.

Paula, A. P. P. de. (2016). Beyond paradigms in Organization Studies: the Circle of Epistemic

Matrices. Cadernos EBAPE.BR, 14(1), 24–46. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395131419.

Pérezts, M., & Mandalaki, E. (2024). Unsilencing silence on business school sexism: A behind-

the-scenes narration on regaining voice. Gender, Work & Organization, 31(5), 2138–2157.

https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12959

Prasad, P. (2005), Crafting Qualitative Research. Working in the Postpositivist Traditions,

New York and London: M.E. Sharpe

Prolo, I., Lima, M. C., & da Silva, L. F. (2018). Os desafios na adoção da tradição

interpretativista nas ciências sociais. Diálogo, (39), 2. https://doi.org/10.18316/dialogo.v0i39.4110

Pullen, A., & Knights, D. (2007). Undoing gender: Organizing and disorganizing performance. Gender, Work & Organization, 14(6), 505–511.

Rumens, N. (2016). Towards queering the business school: a research agenda for advancing lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans perspectives and issues. Gender, Work & Organization, 23(1), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12077

Serva, M., Dias, T., & Alperstedt, G. D. (2010). Paradigma da complexidade e teoria das

organizações: uma reflexão epistemológica. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 50, 276-287. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-75902010000300004

Silva, A. P., Heber, F. C., Freitas, P., & D’ambrózio, I. S. S. (2020). Do Treinamento E

Desenvolvimento Para A Educação Corporativa: Transições Paradigmáticas Na Construção Do Saber Nos Espaços Organizacionais. Revista Brasileira de Estudos Organizacionais, 7(2), 425-460. https://doi.org/10.21583/2447-4851.rbeo.2020.v7n2.345

Vergara, S. C., & Caldas, M. P. (2005). Paradigma interpretacionista: a busca da superação do objetivismo funcionalista nos anos 1980 e 1990. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 45(4), 66–72.

Published

2025-12-11

Issue

Section

Artigos Científicos