Vol. 20 No. 01 (2025): The methodological rigor of Geological Sciences

The methodological rigor of Geological Sciences guides questions about the origin of the Universe, the Earth, Life, the Environment and Man. Controversies have evolved since mythology and religion, always being supported by the technology of the time.

 Paleoanthropological evidence related to geological research provides evidence that the human species began around 6 Ma, from the Australopithecines, through the First Hominids, between 1.8 million and 300 thousand years ago, through Homo Erectus, through Archaic Humans, reaching Modern Man, Homo Sapiens-Sapiens.

 The rationality of the Homo species dominated fire and the observation of the colored signs at the tips of the flames confirmed the spectrum of light. From the luminosity of the firmament, the existence of the spectral magnitude of the stars was conjectured, as well as the relationship of colors with temperature and energy.

The scientific method led to the discovery of the electromagnetic spectrum and the intrinsic analogy of matter with energy and the formation of chemical elements, thus reaching approximations to the germ of the Universe.