Measurement of the "vital signs" of the environment in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

During pregnancy planning, the expectation of a peaceful pregnancy may be confronted by the reality of premature or sick babies, requiring care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Measuring vital signs in this environment is crucial to guarantee the well-being and safety of newborns, who are sensitive to noise, light, temperature and humidity. The study aimed to measure environmental vital signs in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Professor Alberto Antunes University Hospital and propose strategies to improve the analyzed variables. A descriptive cross-sectional approach with quantitative methodology was adopted, collecting data between January and February 2024, compared with recommended and analyzed standards to guide measures and improvements in the neonatal environment. After analysis, it was found that noise levels were high, above established standards, while light and temperature were constantly within standards, while humidity remained at recommended levels for around 50% of the time. It is concluded that measuring vital signs is crucial for the care of premature newborns, highlighting the importance of noise monitoring protocols and creating a safe and comfortable environment. Furthermore, the finding that light, temperature and humidity were within recommended parameters reinforces the need to consider these environmental factors to ensure the healthy development of premature babies. These findings emphasize the relevance of holistic approaches to neonatal care.