Electrical Bioimpedance in the Analysis of Body Composition of Women Using and Not Using Exogenous Hormones Throughout the Menstrual Cycle

Abstract

Introduction: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely used technique for assessing body composition due to its accessibility and non-invasive nature. Understanding body composition is advantageous for personalizing and optimizing protocols for weight loss and body measurement reduction. However, female body composition appears to undergo frequent changes associated with the menstrual cycle. Objective: The main objective is to determine whether hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle or the administration of exogenous hormones impact body composition measurements obtained by BIA. Methods: The study was conducted with 30 women of reproductive age with regular menstrual cycles, divided into two groups: users of exogenous hormones and non-users. BIA tests were performed at four distinct moments, considering a 28-day menstrual cycle. Body mass, total muscle mass, total body fat percentage, and body mass index were analyzed. Results: The results showed that hormonal variations throughout the menstrual cycle and the use of exogenous hormones did not significantly impact body composition as measured by BIA. Conclusion: Hormonal variations and the use of exogenous hormones do not significantly affect women’s body composition as measured by BIA. Future research should consider larger samples and more precise methodologies to identify menstrual cycle phases and control factors such as dietary habits and physical activity levels.