POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS INVOLVED IN RESUMING THE DEBATE ON INCOME DISTRIBUTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v35i0.36061Keywords:
Social and Economic Inequality, Income Distribution, Democracy, Labor Market, RentismAbstract
This paper discusses how the issue of income distribution has resumed its importance in recent decades, showing the evolution of income inequality from the post-Second World War to the present, based on data from studies elaborated by researchers who work in internationally renowned academic centers. Income inequality starts to increase with the rise of neoliberalism in the 1980s, becoming greater in the 2000s, concentrated in the richest 1% of capitalist countries. This reality has demanded new interpretations by scholars, bringing to the debate contributions from Sociology, Political Science and Political Economy. Authors have shown how changes in the international order and its consequences on the pattern of capitalist accumulation in favor of rentier capitalism – a predominantly financial accumulation of capital – have altered the functioning of representative Democracies and affected economic inequality in capitalist countries, contrasting what happened in the “Golden Age” of capitalism (1945-1980) with what has been happening since the 1980s and especially in the 2000s.
Downloads
References
ALVAREDO, F.; ATKINSON, A.; PIKETTY, T.; SAEZ, E. The top 1 percent in international and historical perspective. Journal of Economic Perspectives, v. 27, n. 3, p. 3-20, 2013.
AMERICAN POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION – APSA. American democracy in an age of rising inequality. Task Force on Inequality and American Democracy. Washington, DC, 2004
ATKINSON, A. Bringing income distribution in from the cold. The Economic Journal, v. 107, n. 441, p. 297-3214, 1997.
ATKINSON, A. Desigualdade: o que pode ser feito? Tradução de Elisa Câmara. São Paulo: LeYa, 2015.
ATKINSON, A. Incomes and the Welfare State: essays on Britain and Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
ATKINSON, A.; PIKETTY, T.; SAEZ, E. Top incomes in the long run of history. Journal of Economic Literature, [s. l.], v. 49, n. 1, p. 3-71, 2011.
ATKINSON, A.; SOGAARD, J. E. The long-run history of income inequality in Denmark. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, v. 118, n. 2, p. 264-291, 2016.
BELLUZZO, L. G. O declínio de Bretton Woods e a emergência dos mercados globalizados. Economia e Sociedade, Campinas, n. 4, p. 11-20, jun. 1995.
BELLUZZO, L. O tempo de Keynes nos tempos do capitalismo. São Paulo: Contracorrente, 2016.
BELLUZZO, L. G.; GALÍPODO, G. A escassez na abundância capitalista. São Paulo: Contracorrente, 2019.
BONICA, A.; MCCARTHY, N.; POOLE, K. T.; ROSENTHAL, H. Why hasn’t Democracy slowed rising inequality? Journal of Economic Perspective, [s. l.], v. 27, n. 3, p. 103-124, Summer 2013 .
CASTEL, R. As metamorfoses da questão social: uma crônica do salário. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1996.
CHESNAIS, F. A mundialização do capital. São Paulo: Xamã, 1996.
DALTON, H. Some aspects of the inequality of incomes in modern communities. London: Routledge, 1920.
DEDECCA, C. S. Desigualdade, mas de qual falamos? Campinas: Unicamp, 2009. (Textos para Discussão n. 168).
DEDECCA, C. S. Trabalho, financeirização e desigualdade. Campinas: Unicamp, 2010. (Textos para Discussão n. 174).
DEDECCA, C. S. Os países desenvolvidos e a desigualdade econômica. Economia e Sociedade, Campinas, v. 21, n. 3, p. 449-484, 2012.
GALBRAITH, J. K. Inequality: what everyone needs to know. Oxford: Oxford Press, 2016.
GALBRAITH, J. K. A global macroeconomics – yes, macroeconomics, dammit – of inequality and income distribution – Inaugural Godley – Tobin Memorial Lecture, Eastern Economic Association, Boston, MA, USA. Review of Keynesian Economics, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1-5, 2019.
GALBRAITH, J. K. The affluent society (40thanniversary edition, updated and with a new introduction by the author). 1ª edição [1958]. Boston: Mariner Books, 1998.
GALBRAITH, J. K. A sociedade afluente (tradução da 4ª edição americana). Ed. Pioneira Novos Umbrais, 1987.
GLYN, A. Capitalism unleashed: finance, globalization and welfare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
GOBETTI, S. W. Tributação do capital no Brasil e no mundo. Brasília, DF: Ipea, 2018. (Texto para Discussão n. 2380).
GOBETTI, S. W.; ORAIR, R. O. Progressividade tributária: a agenda negligenciada. Brasília, DF: Ipea, 2016. (Texto para Discussão n. 2380).
GROTTI, R.; SCHERER, S. La disugualianza economia tra contesti: il ruolo di famiglia, stato e mercato. Sociologia del Lavoro, Milão, n. 143, p. 57-75, 2016.
GUSTAFSSON, B.; JOHANSSON, M. Steps toward equality: how and why income inequality in urban Sweden changed during the period 1925-1958. European Review of Economic History, [s. l.], v. 7, n. 2, p. 191-211, 2003.
GUTTMANN, R. How credit-money shapes the economy. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1994.
GUTTMANN, R. A transformação do capital financeiro. Economia e Sociedade, Campinas, n. 7, p. 51-84, 1996.
GUTTMANN, R. A primer on finance-led capitalism and its crisis. Revue de la Regulation, [s. l.], n. 3-4, 2008. Disponível em: http://regulation.revues.org/index5843.html Acesso em: 4 jul. 2022.
» http://regulation.revues.org/index5843.html
HACKER, J. S.; PIERSON, P. Winner-Take-all politics: public policy, political organization, and the precipitous rise of top incomes in the United States. Politics & Society, [s. l.], v. 38, n. 2, p. 152-204, 2010.
HELLEINER, E. States and the reemergence of global finance: from Bretton Woods to the 1990s. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.
HOBSBAWM, E. Era dos extremos: o breve século XX (1914-1991). São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1995.
HUBER, E.; HUO, J.; STEPHENS, J. D. Power, policy and top incomes shares. Socio-Economic Review, [s. l.], v. 17, n. 2, p. 231-253, 2019.
HUSSON, M. Fim do trabalho ou redução de sua duração? Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Economia Política (SEP), Niterói, n. 5, p. 5-23, dez. 1999.
KEISTER, L. A. The one percent. The Annual Review of Sociology, [s. l.], n. 40, p. 347-367, 2014.
KERSTENETZKY, C. L. O Estado do bem-estar social na idade da razão: a reinvenção do Estado Social no mundo contemporâneo. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2012.
KUZNETS, S. Economic Growth and Income Inequality. The American Economic Review, Washington, [s. l.], v. 45, n. 1, p. 1-28, 1955.
MARX, K. Capital. 1ª edição [1894]. Londres: Penguin Books, 1991. V. 3.
MATTOS, F. A. M. Desigualdade e repartição dos ganhos de produtividade horária do trabalho nos países capitalistas centrais. In: ENCONTRO NACIONAL DA ABET, 16., 2019, Salvador. Anais […]. Salvador: UFBA, 2019.
MATTOS, F. A. M. Flexibilização do trabalho: sintomas da crise. São Paulo: Annablume, 2009.
MIRRLEES, J. et al. Tax by design: The Mirrlees Review. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
MISHEL, L.; SABADISH, N. CEO pay and the top 1%: how executive compensation and financial-sector pay have fuelded income inequality. Economic Policy Institute, n. 33, 2012.
MOFFITT, M. O dinheiro do mundo: de Bretton Woods à beira da insolvência. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1984.
MOLLO, M. L. R. Crédito, capital fictício, fragilidade financeira e crises: discussões teóricas, origens e formas de enfrentamento da crise atual. Economia e Sociedade, Campinas, v. 20, n. 3, p. 449-474, 2011.
PALMA, J. G. Globalizing inequality: ‘centrifugal’ and ‘centripetal’ forces at work. New York: Department of Economic and Social Aff Airs, 2006. (DESA Working Paper n. 35).
PIKETTY, T. O Capital no século XXI. Rio de Janeiro: Intrínseca, 2014.
REICH, R. How inequality erodes the foundation of modern societies. New York Times, New York, Jul. 20 2017.
ROINE, J.; WALDESTROM, D. On the role of capital gains in Swedish Income inequality. The Review of Income and Wealth, [s. l.], v. 58, n. 3, p. 569-587, 2012.
SAEZ, E. Striking it richer: the evolution of top incomes in the United States (Updated with 2013 preliminary estimates). Berkeley: University of California, 2015. Disponível em: https://eml.berkeley.edu/~saez/saez-UStopincomes-2018.pdf Acesso em: 5 jul. 2022.
» https://eml.berkeley.edu/~saez/saez-UStopincomes-2018.pdf
STIGLITZ, J. The price of inequality: how today’s divided society endangers our future. New York: WW Norton & Company, 2012.
STIGLITZ, J. E.; KANBUR, R. Wealth and income distribution: new theories needed for a new era. VoxEU, [s. l.], 2015. Disponível em: https://voxeu.org/article/wealth-and-income-distribution-new-theories-needed-new-era Acesso em: 5 jul. 2022.
» https://voxeu.org/article/wealth-and-income-distribution-new-theories-needed-new-era
STREECK, W. Tempo comprado: a crise adiada do capitalismo democrático. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2018.
THERBORN, G. Inequalities and Latin America: from the Enlightenment to the 21st Century. Desigualdades.net (Research Network on Interdependent Inequalities in Latin America), [s. l.], 2011. (Working Paper n. 1).
WADE, R. The strange neglect of income inequality in economics and public policy. In: CORNIA, G. A.; STEWART, F. (ed.). Towards human development: new approaches to macroeconomics and inequality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. p. 99-121.
WINTERS, J. A. Oligarchy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Caderno CRH
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Todo o conteúdo da revista, exceto onde indicado de outra forma, é licenciado sob uma atribuição do tipo Creative Commons BY.
O periódico Caderno CRH on-line é aberto e gratuito.