UNDERSTANDING PLATFORM WORK: class composition and migration in the case of brazilian delivery workers in the United Kingdom
o caso dos entregadores brasileiros no Reino Unido
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v35i0.49104Keywords:
Delivery Workers, Platform Workers, United Kingdom, Class Composition, MigrationAbstract
Cet article examine comment la migration affecte
la composition de classe des livreurs brésiliens au
Royaume-Uni. Bien que certaines études indiquent
que la migration joue un rôle important dans le
travail de plateforme dans le Nord global, on sait
peut de choses sur les manières spécifiques dont
cela se produit. Cette étude cherche à montrer
comment la migration est un aspect constitutif
de ce secteurs dan le Nord global et comment
le statut de migrant génère des expériences et
des communautés partagées, traversant tous les
aspects de ladite industrie, de l’organisation du
travail aux expériences de vie, et même aux formes
collectives de résistance et d’organisation. Pour
ce faire, elle s’appuie sur la théorie marxiste de la
composition des classes et sur la migration pour
comprendre la formation de ce nouveau secteur
de la classe ouvrière et ses processus de lutte et de
résistance. Les données ont été collectées à partir
de deux études ethnographiques à long terme sur
l’organisation collective des livreurs à Londres, et
de 13 entretiens approfondis.
Downloads
References
ABÍLIO, L. Digital platforms and uberization: towards the globalization of an administrated South? Contracampo – Brazilian Journal of Communication, Niterói, v. 39, n. 1, 2020.
ABÍLIO, L. et al. Condições de trabalho de entregadores via plataforma digital durante a Covid-19. Revista Jurídica Trabalho e Desenvolvimento Humano, [.s. l.], v. 3. p. 1-21, 2020.
ABÍLIO, L.; GROHMANN, R.; WEISS, H. Struggles of delivery workers in Brazil: working conditions and collective organization during the pandemic. Journal of Labor and Society, [s. l.], p. 1-19, 2021.
ANEESH, A. Neutral accent: how language, labor, and life become global. Durham: Duke University Press, 2015.
ATANASOSKI, N.,; VORA, K. Surrogate Humanity: race, robots, and the politics of technological futures. Durham: Duke University Press, 2019.
BOAS, I. Environmental change and human mobility in the digital age. Geoforum, [s. l.], v. 85, p. 153-156, 2017.
BRAGA, R.; SILVA, D. The meanings of uberism: work platforms, informality and forms of resistance in the city of São Paulo. Política & Trabalho, João Pessoa, v. 56, p. 118-135, 2022.
BRIZIARELLI, M. Spatial politics in the digital realm: the logistics/precarity dialectics and deliveroo’s tertiary space struggles. Cultural Studies, [s. l.], v. 33, n. 5, p. 823-840, 2019.
BURAWOY, M. Manufacturing consent: changes in the labor process under monopoly capitalism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
CALDEIRA, T. City of walls: crime, segregation, and citizenship in São Paulo. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.
CANT, C. Riding for deliveroo: resistance in the new economy. Cambridge: Polity, 2019.
CANT, C.; MOGNO, C. Platform workers of the world, unite! The emergence of the transnational federation of couriers. South Atlantic Quarterly, [s. l.], v. 119, n. 2, p. 401-411.
CANT, C.; WOODCOCK, J. The Fast Food Shutdown: From disorganisation to action in the service sector. Capital and Class, 2020. Disponível em: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0309816820906357. Acesso em: 2 set. 2022.
CASAS-CORTES, M.; COBARRIUBIAS, S.; PICKLES, J. Riding Routes and Itinerant Borders: Autonomy of Migration and Border Externalization. Antipode, [s. l.], v. 47, n. 4, p. 894-914, 2015. Disponível em: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/anti.12148/pdf. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
COLE, P., STRUTHERS, D., ZIMMER, K. Introduction. In: COLE, P.; STRUTHERS, D.; ZIMMER, K. (ed.). Wobblies of the world: a global history of the IWW. London: Pluto, 2017. p. 1-27.
COLLINS, F. L. Geographies of migration I: Platform migration. Progress in Human Geography, [s. l.], v. 5, n. 4, p. 866-877, 2020.
DAVIS, J. How artifacts afford: the power and politics of everyday things. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2020.
DEKKER, R.; ENGBERSEN, G.; FABER, M. The use of online media in migration networks. Population, Space and Place, [s. l.], v. 22, n. 6, p. 539-551, 2016.
DUNN, M. Making gigs work: digital platforms, job quality and worker motivations. New Technology, Work & Employment, [s. l.], v. 35, n. 2, p. 232-249, 2020.
ENGELS, F. The Condition of the Working Class in England. 1ª edição [1844]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
ENGLERT, S.; WOODCOCK, J.; CANT, C. Digital Workerism: Technology, Platforms, and the Circulation of Workers’ Struggles. Triple C, [s. l.], v. 18, n. 1, p. 132-145, 2020.
EVANGELISTA, R.; BRUNO, F. WhatsApp and political instability in Brazil: targeted messages and political radicalisation. Internet Policy Review, [s. l.], v. 8, n. 4, p. 1-23, 2019.
FAIRWORK. Fairwork 2020 Annual Report. Oxford, 2020.
FEAR, C. “Without our brain and muscle not a single wheel can turn”: The IWW Couriers Network. Notes from Below, [s. l.], 2018. Disponível em: https://notesfrombelow.org/article/without-our-brain-and-muscle. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
FEDERICI, S. Revolution at point zero: housework, reproduction and feminist struggle. Oakland: PM Press, 2012.
FERRARI, F.; GRAHAM, M. Fissures in algorithmic power: platforms, code, and contestation. Cultural Studies, [s. l.], v. 35, n. 4, p. 814-832, 2021.
FREDMAN, S. Women at work: The broken promise of flexicurity. Industrial Law Journal, [s. l.], v. 33, n. 4, p. 229-319, 2003.
FORTUNATI, L. The arcane of reproduction: housework, prostitution, labor and capital. New York: Autonomedia, 1995.
GARCIA, A.; VIVACQUA, A. Should I stay or should I go? Managing Brazilian WhatsApp groups. First Monday, [s. l.], v. 26, n. 2, 2021.
GENT, C. The politics of algorithmic management: class composition and everyday struggle in distribution work. Coventry: University of Warwick, 2019.
GOUGH, H. A.; GOUGH, K. V. Disrupted becomings: the role of smartphones in Syrian refugees’ physical and existential journeys. Geoforum, v. 105, p. 89-98, 2019.
GROHMANN, R. Rider platforms? Building Worker-Owned Experiences in Spain, France, and Brazil. South Atlantic Quarterly. V. 120, n. 4, p. 839-852.
GROHMANN, R.; ALVES, P. Unions and association of app-drivers in Brazil: the meanings in circulation of platform workers' struggles. AoIR Selected Papers of Internet Research, [s. l.], 2020.
GROHMANN, R., QIU, J. Contextualizing platform labor. Contracampo: Brazilian Journal of Communication, Niterói, v. 39, n. 1, p. 12-26, 2020.
HARVEY, D. The urban process under capitalism: a framework for analysis. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, [s. l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 101-131, 1978.
HARVEY, D. The condition of postmodernity: an enquiry into the origins of cultural change. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 1990.
HEROD, A. Workers, space, and labor geography. International Labor and Working-Class History, [s. l.], v. 64, p. 112-138, 2003.
HOWSON K. et al. Just because you don't see your boss, doesn't mean you don't have a boss: Covid-19 and Gig Worker Strikes across Latin America. International Union Rights, [s. l.], v. 20, n. 3, p. 20-28, 2020.
HUWS, U. Reinventing the Welfare State: digital platforms and public policies. London: Pluto Press, 2020.
IGNATIEV, N. How the Irish became white. London: Routledge, 2008.
JAMES, C. L. R. C.L.R. James on the Negro Question. Jackson: University of Mississippi Press, 1997.
JAMES, S. Sex, race and class – the perspective of winning: a selection of writings 1952–2011. Oakland: PM Press, 2012.
LAGE, M.; RODRIGUES, A. Pandelivery: reflections on black delivery app workers experiences during Covid‐19 in Brazil. Gender, Work & Organization, Hoboken, v. 28, n. S2, p. 434-445.
LAZAR, T.; RIBAK, R.; DAVIDSON, R. Mobile social media as platforms in workers' unionization. Information, Communication & Society, Abingdon, v. 23, n. 3, p. 437-453, 2020.
LEONARDI, D.; MURGIA, A.; BRIZIARELLI, M.; ARMANO, E. The ambivalence of logistical connectivity: a co-research with Foodora Riders. Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation, [s. l.], v. 13, p. 155-171, 2019.
MAFFIE, M. The role of digital communities in organizing gig workers. Industrial Relations, [s. l.], v. 59, n. 1, p. 123-149, 2020.
MARX, K. The eighteenth brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. [S. l.]: [s. n.], 1852.Disponível em: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
MARX, K. Capital: a critique of political economy Vol. 1. 1ª ed. [1867]. London: Penguin, 1976.
MARX, K. A Workers’ Inquiry. [S. l.]: [s. n.],1880. Disponível em: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/04/20.htm. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
MATHERON, F. Operaismo. Generation Online, [s. l.], 1999. Retrieved from: https://www.generation-online.org/t/toperaismo.htm. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
MCDOWELL, L.; BATNITZKY, A.; DYER, S. Precarious work and economic migration: emerging immigrant divisions of labour in Greater London’s service sector. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, [s. l.], v. 33, n. 1, p.3-25, 2009.
MEEUS, B.; VAN HEUR, B.; ARNAUT, K. (ed.). Arrival infrastructures: migration and urban social mobilities. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.
MOULIER-BOUTANG, Y. De l’esclavage au salariat: économie historique du salariat bridé. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1998.
NEGRI, A; HARDT, M. Commonwealth. Boston: Harvard University Press, 2009.
NOTES FROM BELOW. The workers’ inquiry and social composition. Notes from Below, 2018. Disponível em: https://notesfrombelow.org/article/workers-inquiry-and-social-composition. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
OSBORNE, H., BUTLER, S. Collective action via social media brings hope to gig economy workers. The Guardian, London, Aug. 19 2016. Disponível em: https://www.theguardian.com/money/2016/aug/19/collective-action-via-social-media-brings-hope-to-gig-economy-workers. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
PAPADOPOULOS, D.; STEPHENSON, N.; TSIANOS, V. Escape Routes: control and subversion in the 21st century. London: Pluto Press, 2008.
PENNINX, R.; ROOSBLAD, J. Trade unions, immigration and immigrants in Europe 1960-1993: a comparative study of the actions of trade unions in seven West European Countries. Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2000.
PERÒ, D. Indie Unions, organizing and labour renewal: learning from precarious migrant workers. Work, Employment and Society, [s. l.], v. 34, n. 5, p. 900-918, 2019. Disponível em: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0950017019885075. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
POLLERT, A.; CHARLWOOD, A. The vulnerable worker in Britain and problems at work. Work, Employment and Society, [s. l.], v. 23, n. 2, p. 343-362, 2009.
ROBERTSON, S. Infrastructures of insecurity: housing and language testing in Asia-Australia migration. Geoforum, [s. l.], v. 82, p. 13-20, 2017.
ROEDIGER, D. The wages of whiteness: race and the making of the American working class. London: Verso. 1991.
ROGGERO, G.; LASSERE, D. G. “A science of destruction”: an interview with Gigi Roggero on the actuality of operaismo. Viewpoint Magazine, [s. l.], 2020. Disponível em: viewpointmag.com/2020/04/30/a-science-of-destruction-an-interview-with-gigi-roggero-on-the-actuality-of-operaismo. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
RYAN, B. Labour migration and employment rights. Liverpool: Institute of Employment Rights, 2005.
SCHRADIE, J. The revolution that wasn’t: how digital activism favors conservatives. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2019.
SOHN-RETHEL, A. Intellectual and manual labour: a critique of epistemology. Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1978.
SORIANO, C.; CABANES, J. Between ‘world class work’ and ‘proletarianised labor’: Digital labor imaginaries in the Global South. In: POLSON, E.; SCHOFIELD-CLARKE, L.; GAJJALA, R. (ed.). Routledge Companion to media and class. New York: Routledge, 2019. p. 213-226.
SORIANO, C.; CABANES, J. Entrepreneurial solidarities: social media collectives and Filipino digital platform workers. Social Media & Society, [s. l.], v. 6, n. 2, p. 1-11, 2020.
SRNICEK, N. Platform capitalism. Cambridge: Polity, 2017.
TASSINARI, A.; MACCARRONE, V. Riders on the storm: workplace solidarity among gig economy couriers in Italy and the UK. Work, Employment and Society, [s. l.], v. 34, n. 1, p. 35-54, 2020.
THEODORO, H.; COGO, D. Imaginaries about Brazil in the media consumption of LGBTIQ+ immigrants and refugees in the city of São Paulo. International Journal of Communication, [s. l.], v. 15, p. 61-81, 2021.
THOMPSON, E. P. The making of the English working class. London: Penguin, 2013.
TOSCANO, A.; WOODCOCK, J. Spectres of marxism: a comment on Mike Savage’s market model of class difference. The Sociological Review, [s. l.], v. 63, p. 512-523, 2015.
TRONTI, M. Workers and capital. London: Verso, 2019.
TURCHETTO, M. From “mass worker” to “empire”: the disconcerting trajectory of Italian operaismo. In: BIDET, J.; KOUVELAKIS, S. (eds.). Critical companion to contemporary marxism. Leiden: Brill, 2008.
VAN DOORN, N.; FERRARI, F.; GRAHAM, M. Migration and migrant labour in the gig economy: an intervention (June 8, 2020). [S. l.]: [s. n.], 2020. Disponível em: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=36225899. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
WATERMAN, P. Globalisation, social movements and the new internationalisms. London: Mansell, 1998.
WOOD, A. et al. Good gig, bad gig: autonomy and algorithmic control in the global gig economy. Work, Employment & Society, [s. l.], v. 33, n. 1, p. 56-75, 2019.
WOODCOCK, J. Precarious work in London: new forms of organisation and the city. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action, Abingdon, v. 18, n. 6, p. 776-788, 2014a.
WOODCOCK, J. ‘The Workers’ Inquiry from Trotskyism to Operaismo: a political methodology for investigating the workplace.’ Ephemera, v. 14, n. 3 p. 493-513, 2014b.
WOODCOCK, J. #Slaveroo: Deliveroo Drivers Organising in the ‘Gig Economy’. Novara Media, [s. l.], 2016. Disponível em: https://novaramedia.com/2016/08/12/slaveroo-deliveroo-drivers-organising-in-the-gig-economy. Acesso em: 5 set. 2022.
WOODCOCK, J. Working the phones: control and resistance in call centers. London: Pluto, 2017.
WOODCOCK, J. The algorithmic panopticon at deliveroo: measurement, precarity, and the illusion of control. Ephemera, [s. l.], v. 20, n. 3, p. 67-95, 2020.
WOODCOCK, J. The fight against platform capitalism: an inquiry into the global struggles of the gig economy. London: University of Westminster Press, 2021.
WOODCOCK, J.; GRAHAM, M. The gig economy: a critical introduction. Cambridge: Polity, 2019.
WRIGHT, E. Class counts: comparative studies in class analysis. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Todo o conteúdo da revista, exceto onde indicado de outra forma, é licenciado sob uma atribuição do tipo Creative Commons BY.
O periódico Caderno CRH on-line é aberto e gratuito.