VÍTIMAS E ALGOZES

A COMPLEXIDADE DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL E DE GÊNERO NOS CRIMES DE ÓDIO OFICIAIS EM PORTUGAL ENTRE 2015 E 2020

Abstract

This article focuses on identifying and analyzing the presence of the cis-heteronormative habitus of victims and perpetrators of hate crimes with homophobic and transphobic motivations, through the study of 29 reports from Criminal Investigations of the Criminal Investigation Departments – DIAP, made official in the Public Security Forces and the Judiciary, investigated by the Judiciary Police – PJ in Portugal, between the years 2015 and 2020. The methodological path used was based on a qualitative-quantitative, descriptive and documentary analysis theoretically centered on the concept of habitus, by Pierre Bourdieu (1996; 1989) and authors who discuss homotransphobic violence, public safety and sexual and gender diversity. As a result, it is observed that the places defined between victims and/or perpetrators in the situations of violence analyzed are heterogeneous, since homophobia and transphobia are reproduced transversally through the socio-historically constructed cis-heteronormative habitus. Homosexuality, bisexuality and trans identities are still stigmatized as a sin, crime and/or disease. This scenario can only be deconstructed when we consider the structural and structuring nature of these violence, which requires the protagonism of all social agents and institutions in this process. This context requires changes that go far beyond what can be operated through public security policies and the judiciary.